tiền án

Bị cáo đã có tiền án từ trước.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • Criminal record / Previous conviction: A legal record of a person having been previously convicted of a crime by a court of law. It denotes a history of criminality that is formally documented.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Người đó có tiền án. (That person has a criminal record.)
  • Tiền án của bị cáo ảnh hưởng đến mức án. (The defendant's previous conviction influenced the sentence.)
  • Công việc này không nhận người có tiền án. (This job does not accept people with a criminal record.)

Advanced Usage

• The term is often used in legal and administrative contexts to assess an individual's background, especially for employment, visas, or sentencing in new cases.
• It is a formal, official record, distinct from a police record ("tiền sự") which may involve arrests or detentions without a conviction.

Variants and Related Words

• Tiền sự (n): Police record; a record of prior incidents with the police which may not have resulted in a conviction.
  • Anh ta bị bắt giam nhưng chỉ có tiền sự, không có tiền án. (He was detained but only has a police record, not a criminal conviction.)

Synonyms

• Criminal record: A documented history of convictions.
• Previous conviction: A specific past instance of being found guilty of a crime.

Related Terms and Phrases

• Án tích (n): The state or status of having a "tiền án"; a convict's status.
  • Xóa án tích means to have one's criminal record expunged.
• Có tiền án tiền sự: A common phrase meaning "to have a criminal and police record," indicating a significant history of legal trouble.